Schirmer's Test: An Objective Diagnosis of Dry Eye Syndrome
The Schirmer test helps determine whether the eye is producing enough tears. After all, when dry eyes, a burning sensation, or unstable vision occur, the cause isn't always obvious from the complaints.
At K+31, we conduct examinations calmly and explain the meaning of the test results.
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When do we recommend taking the Schirmer test?
Dry eye diagnosis is necessary even for moderate complaints. Symptoms often worsen in the evening, after working at a screen, or in a room with dry air.
Who benefits from this test?
The Schirmer test is useful for people with high visual strain. If contact lenses cause discomfort, the test helps assess the contribution of tears. Complaints may be aggravated in dry air. It is prescribed for suspected eyelid margin inflammation, meibomian gland dysfunction, and after eye surgery. Eye redness, light sensitivity, and changes in vision require special attention.
Symptoms to look out for
We recommend an examination if complaints recur or interfere with daily activities:
- Dry eyes, burning, and stinging sensations in the eyes
- Sensation of sand or a foreign body in the eyes
- Tearing outdoors, in windy conditions, or in bright light
- Discomfort when working at a computer
- Contact lenses are becoming less tolerable
- Redness and fatigue
After the examination, the doctor will determine when the complaints began and what eye drops have already been used. Self-selection of remedies doesn't always resolve the cause.
General information
How is the procedure performed in our practice?
The examination is performed by an ophthalmologist. Before the test, the doctor will review the patient's complaints, medications, and visual stress.
Is preparation necessary?
Special preparation is usually not necessary. Before the appointment, it is best to inform the doctor which eye drops you are using and why. If the patient wears contact lenses, the doctor will advise them to remove them beforehand.
How we perform the test?
The test uses a strip of filter paper. The doctor places it behind the lower eyelid, and the patient then sits quietly with their eyes closed or slightly closed. After 5 minutes, the strip is removed, and the moistened area is measured.
How long does the test last and is it painful?
The test usually takes about 5 minutes. There should be no significant pain, but some discomfort from the strip's contact with the eyelid is possible. If severe pain or severe irritation occurs, the doctor stops the procedure and evaluates the eye.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the Schirmer test show?
Is the Schirmer test painful?
Do I need to prepare for the test?
What should I do if the result is below normal?
Why it is important not to delay diagnosis
Dry eyes may seem like a minor problem until they interfere with reading, screen time, driving, or wearing contact lenses. If the cause persists, the ocular surface becomes irritated more frequently. Early diagnosis helps understand the underlying mechanism and avoid inadvertent treatment.
The earlier the problem is identified, the easier it is to find treatment.
When an examination is performed at the onset of complaints, it is easier for the doctor to distinguish temporary irritation from chronic lubricating disorders. Testing is important for prolonged screen time, after inflammation, age-related changes, and eyelid diseases. The more precise the underlying mechanism, the safer the treatment.
How to schedule an appointment.
If you are bothered by dry eyes, burning sensations, gritty eyes, or recurring irritation, it's best not to rely on inadvertent treatments. At the K+31 Clinic, you can undergo a Schirmer eye test and receive a doctor's recommendation. We will explain whether there is a tear production disorder and the appropriate next step.
References
- Clinical Guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation — https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/
- Ophthalmology Bulletin — https://www.mediasphera.ru/journal/vestnik-oftalmologii
- MSD Manuals, professional version in Russian — https://www.msdmanuals.com/ru/professional/bolezni-glaz/naruzheniya-sekretsii-slezy/sindrom-sukhogo-glaza
- CyberLeninka (Schirmer test) — https://cyberleninka.ru/search?q=%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%20%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0
- CyberLeninka (dry eye syndrome) - https://cyberleninka.ru/search?q=%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE% D0%BC%20%D1%81%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%20%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0
- eLIBRARY - https://elibrary.ru/
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What is the Schirmer test and what does it show?
This test measures the level of hydration of the ocular surface based on the amount of tear fluid. The doctor determines whether there are enough tears to protect the cornea and conjunctiva. This method helps pinpoint the cause of dry eye.
What does the Schirmer test evaluate?
The Schirmer test is used to measure tear production over a short period of time. The doctor evaluates a specific value in millimeters along with the patient's complaints. This makes the assessment of tear production more objective.
When is the test prescribed?
The test is prescribed for complaints that indicate dry eye syndrome. Sometimes the cause is related to decreased tear production, and sometimes the tear film is rapidly destroyed: