Atheroma removal
The appearance of subcutaneous lumps not only causes aesthetic discomfort but also leads to inflammation or suppuration. To avoid complications and maintain healthy skin, it is important to remove sebaceous tumours promptly. The procedure eliminates the tumour without the risk of recurrence, causes no discomfort, and has a short recovery period. Modern methods allow for the removal of sebaceous tumours quickly and safely, with minimal scarring on the skin.
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Causes of atheroma
The following factors can lead to the development of cysts:
- Increased oiliness of the skin
- Hormonal imbalance
- Endocrine disorders
- Improper skin care
- Frequent use of cosmetics that clog pores
- Excessive sweating
Furthermore, the formation develops after microtrauma to the skin or inflammation of the hair follicles. In men, the appearance of atheroma is often associated with skin irritation after shaving.
Symptoms of atheroma
In the early stages, an atheroma appears as a small, painless, soft lump under the skin. It may move when pressed, as the lump is not connected to surrounding tissue.
If the cyst becomes inflamed, the following symptoms occur:
- Redness and swelling of the skin
- Tenderness to the touch
- Fever
- Pus discharge
If these symptoms appear, urgent treatment is required, as a purulent atheroma can rupture and cause tissue infection.
Indications for atheroma removal
Surgery is performed in the following cases:
- Increased cyst size
- Pain during movement
- Inflammation and suppuration
- Frequent recurrences after lancet
Even in the absence of pain, it is recommended to remove the atheroma on a planned basis, before inflammation develops. Performing the procedure early prevents complications and ensures a more gentle intervention.
Contraindications to surgery
The procedure has a number of limitations:
- Acute infectious diseases
- Bleeding disorders
- Allergic reactions to anesthetics
- Pregnancy, lactation
Also, atheroma removal is contraindicated in the presence of exacerbations of chronic diseases, skin rashes in the surgical area, or cardiovascular disorders.
Methods for removing atheroma
Cyst removal can be done in the following ways:
- Classic surgical. Performed with a scalpel. Suitable for large and inflamed cysts.
- Laser. Involves laser exposure to the atheroma. Used for small, non-inflamed cysts.
- Radio wave. Pathological tissue is destroyed by radio waves. Suitable for visible areas of the body.
- Endoscopic. The doctor inserts an instrument through a puncture, removes the capsule, and cleans the cavity. Used for recurrent atheromas, growths on the scalp, behind the ear, in the armpits, and groin.
Endoscopic. The doctor inserts an instrument through a puncture, removes the capsule, and cleans the cavity. Used for recurrent atheromas, growths on the scalp, behind the ear, in the armpits, and groin.
General information
Preparing for surgery
During preparation, it is important to follow these recommendations:
- Consultation with a doctor. The specialist will examine the cyst, clarify information about chronic illnesses, allergies, previous surgeries, and current medication use.
- Comprehensive examination. A complete blood count and urine test are performed to identify any hidden abnormalities. When planning surgery, a coagulation profile is performed. An ultrasound or dermatoscopy is necessary to accurately determine the boundaries of the atheroma.
- Stop drinking alcohol and smoking 24 hours before the procedure. Alcohol and nicotine reduce the effectiveness of local anesthetics and affect blood clotting, which increases the risk of bleeding during surgery.
- Stop taking medications. Anticoagulants should be discontinued 3-5 days before surgery.
- Skin preparation. Before surgery, avoid using cosmetics. If the atheroma is located on the face or forehead, gently cleanse the skin with a mild, non-harsh cleanser.
Proper preparation helps reduce the risk of complications and speed up the healing process.
FAQ
Is it possible to remove an atheroma without surgery?
No, it's impossible to completely remove the growth without surgery. Medications don't remove the cyst capsule, but only temporarily reduce inflammation. To prevent the atheroma from returning, it's important to remove it entirely.
How is atheroma removal performed?
The surgery is performed under local anesthesia, so the patient feels no pain. The doctor makes a small incision, removes the atheroma capsule, and sutures the wound. The procedure takes 15-30 minutes, depending on the size and location of the cyst.
Will there be a scar after the removal?
Since doctors use laser and radiofrequency techniques in most cases, the scar after surgery will be minimal. Over time, it will become almost invisible.
Can an inflamed atheroma be removed?
No, it cannot, as this increases the risk of complications, suppuration, and infection spread. The inflammation must be treated first. To do this, the doctor will prescribe antibiotics or drain the cyst. Once the inflammation subsides, a planned removal is performed.
How long does recovery after surgery take?
The recovery period lasts from 5 to 10 days. During this time, you should treat the wound with antiseptics and avoid physical activity. After the stitches are removed, you can return to your normal activities.
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What is atheroma?
A sebaceous cyst, or atheroma, is a benign growth that occurs due to a blocked sebaceous duct. It consists of sebum, dead skin cells, and cholesterol crystals. The cyst is firm, smooth, and elastic to the touch. It is easily distinguished from other growths by its characteristic central point—the outlet of the blocked duct. These growths most often appear on the face, scalp, neck, back, and genital area.