Proctologist Appointment in Moscow
A proctologist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats diseases of the rectum, colon, anus, and perirectal area. Many patients are afraid of their first visit and put it off as long as possible. However, it's important to understand that this can lead to serious health problems later on. It's better to overcome your fear and discomfort and undergo a thorough examination by a specialist.
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Methods and pathologies
What diagnostic methods does a proctologist use?
During the appointment, the doctor learns the patient's medical history, past illnesses, and previous examinations. During a visual examination, the proctologist examines the perineum, anus, and buttocks.
To diagnose grade 2 or 3 hemorrhoids, the patient is asked to briefly strain (as during a bowel movement). Next, the doctor may perform a thorough palpation of the anus (digital examination). An anesthetic lubricant gel facilitates the procedure.
Usually, after palpation, a rectoscopy (rectal endoscopy or anal endoscopy) is performed. This is performed either with the patient lying on their side or propped up on their knees and elbows (on all fours). Using a short, thin tube, the doctor can look into the anal canal. This examination provides reliable information about the condition of the hemorrhoids. If necessary, small tissue samples can be taken this way.
Another procedure performed during the first visit to a proctologist is an anoscopy. It helps the specialist see the inside of the rectum. This type of diagnosis can identify potential problems such as fissures, polyps, hemorrhoids, tumors, or inflammation.
A rectal examination takes only a couple of minutes. The procedure is performed using an anoscope. The doctor inserts an instrument into the rectum to a depth of 10-14 cm and examines its lining. Anoscopy, like a rectoscopy, allows for accurate detection of problems at an early stage.
Polyps or malignant changes in the intestine are detected during a colonoscopy. The procedure requires detailed preparation; it is best to consult with your doctor.
During a classic colonoscopy, the organ is thoroughly examined. A flexible tube equipped with a camera is inserted rectally into the patient. A biopsy can also be used to collect tissue for examination of cellular changes.
Endosonography is an ultrasound examination that allows for a thorough examination of the anus, rectum, and entire pelvic floor.
Laboratory tests
If an external problem is observed in the anal fold area, the proctologist may take a swab of the skin. This allows, for example, to accurately identify a fungal infection of the anus. Mycological, microbial, and viral diagnostics are performed in the laboratory. A stool sample brought by the patient is also sent to the laboratory, where it is determined for occult blood.
Furthermore, the doctor may order a computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These tests provide precise images and can accurately depict pathological changes.
Frequently Asked Questions
What treatment methods does the doctor use?
A proctologist provides comprehensive consultations and treatment to patients, answering questions, requests, and concerns. The specialist may offer outpatient treatment, which includes:
- A high-fiber diet, increasing the amount of natural, healthy foods and clean water.
- Lifestyle changes, including exercise and walks in your daily routine.
- Selection of pharmaceutical medications, as well as physiotherapy.
- Personal hygiene tips after using the toilet.
- Removal of internal hemorrhoids (ligation, sclerotherapy).
- Laser treatment.
Inpatient surgical treatment is offered to patients who require urgent care for advanced proctological disease.
This may include, among other things:
- Combined and laser hemorrhoidectomy (submucosal laser hemorrhoidoplasty ALOHA (Aqua Laser Hemorroid Ablation))
- Laser destruction of anal fissures
- Surgical treatment of rectal fistulas – traditional and minimally invasive methods using laser technology
- Laser destruction of rectal fistula Aqua Laser Fistula Ablation – (ALFA)
- Laser fistulotomy
- Laser destruction of the epithelial coccygeal passage (Sinus Laser Closure (SiLaС))
- Laser sinusotomy
- Laser pit-picking
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When to see a proctologist
You should make an appointment with your doctor if you notice the following symptoms:
Preparation is necessary before an appointment with a proctologist. Read more here.