Oncourology
Oncourology at the K+31 Clinic offers high-tech treatment for genitourinary tumors, based on international guidelines and the extensive experience of our urological oncologists. We provide patient care from the initial consultation and accurate diagnosis to surgery, systemic therapy, and long-term oncological monitoring.
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What diseases do we treat?
The K+31 Oncourology Department diagnoses and treats:
- Prostate cancer
- Kidney cancer and ureteral tumors
- Bladder cancer (superficial and muscle-invasive forms)
- Testicular and epididymal tumors
- Penile tumors
- Benign tumors of the genitourinary system requiring surgical treatment
Diagnostics in oncourology K+31
We structure the diagnostic process to quickly confirm or rule out a cancer diagnosis while simultaneously assessing the stage and extent of the disease.
Basic methods
- Consultation with a urologist-oncologist, collection of complaints and medical history
- Physical examination, including a digital rectal examination if prostate cancer is suspected
- Laboratory diagnostics: complete blood count and urine analysis, biochemistry, PSA and other tumor markers
Visualization and advanced diagnostics
- Ultrasound of the genitourinary system and transrectal ultrasound of the prostate gland
- MRI with contrast to assess tumor location and lymph nodes
- CT scan of the chest and abdomen to detect distant metastases
- X-ray examinations for suspected metastatic lesions to bones and other organs
Biopsy and morphological verification
- Multifocal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy
- Punch biopsy of kidney tumors and other lesions as indicated
- Histological and immunohistochemical examination, calculation of the Gleason score and other prognostic parameters
Based on morphology and staging, an individualized treatment strategy is developed—from active surveillance to radical surgery and systemic therapy.
PSA test: what is it and who needs it?
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by prostate cells and released in small amounts into the bloodstream of healthy men. Elevated PSA levels can be associated with prostate cancer, benign hyperplasia, and inflammation, so the test is always evaluated in conjunction with a physical examination and ultrasound or MRI data.
The PSA test is used for:
- Prostate cancer screening in men over 40–50 years of age (based on individual risk)
- Determining the cause of elevated PSA and deciding on the need for a biopsy
- Post-treatment monitoring for prostate cancer and early detection of recurrence
Total PSA and free PSA, as well as their ratio, are determined in the blood. Total PSA is the sum of the bound and free fractions; free PSA typically accounts for approximately 20–25% of the total, and a decrease in the proportion of free PSA may indicate an increased risk of prostate cancer.
Approximate age reference ranges for total PSA:
- Under 50 years old — approximately 2.5 ng/ml
- 50–59 years old — up to 3.5 ng/ml
- 60–69 years old — up to 4.5 ng/ml
- 70 years and older — up to 6–6.5 ng/ml
The interpretation of results and the decision on the need for a repeat test, MRI, or prostate biopsy are made only by a physician, taking into account the patient's complaints, examination data, and concomitant diseases.
Physical activity and a number of medical procedures affect PSA results, so it's important to follow simple guidelines.
Recommended:
- Don't ejaculate for 48 hours before testing.
- Avoid intense pelvic exercise (bicycling, motorcycle riding) for 48 hours.
- Don't test earlier than 7 days after a digital rectal examination and 2-4 weeks after invasive prostate procedures (biopsy, cystoscopy, etc.).
Following these guidelines will help you obtain a more accurate result and avoid a falsely elevated PSA level, which can lead to unnecessary anxiety and additional testing.
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Treatment methods in oncourology K+31
The treatment approach is always personalized and discussed at a multidisciplinary consultation involving a urologist-oncologist, a radiation therapist, a chemotherapist, and related specialists.
Surgical treatment
The department uses modern minimally invasive techniques:
- Robot-assisted surgeries (Da Vinci) – radical prostatectomy, nephrectomy, partial kidney resection, cystectomy, and reconstructive procedures
- Laparoscopic surgeries on the kidney, ureter, bladder, and prostate
- Organ-preserving surgeries for kidney and testicular tumors when oncologically safe
- Transurethral endoscopic interventions for superficial bladder cancer and benign tumors
The advantages of minimally invasive and robot-assisted surgeries include less blood loss, reduced pain, a shorter hospital stay, and faster recovery of urinary function and potency compared to open procedures.
Radiation and systemic therapy
For the comprehensive treatment of urologic oncology diseases, the following are used according to indications:
- External beam and contact radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy and targeted drugs
- Hormone therapy for prostate cancer
- Immunotherapy for certain tumor types
The choice of regimen and combinations is based on the stage, molecular characteristics of the tumor, age, and comorbidities of the patient.
Observation and rehabilitation
After completion of active treatment, the patient remains under the supervision of a urological oncologist with regular follow-up examinations. We focus on quality of life: pain control, pelvic function, sexual health, and psycho-emotional well-being.
Why patients choose K+31 urological oncology
K+31 Oncourology has several key advantages over other premium Moscow clinics.
- Strong urology school: the clinic's urology department is headed by a recognized expert, and the staff includes professors, doctors, and candidates of science, specialists with experience in robotic-assisted surgeries.
- Modern equipment: MRI, CT, endoscopic and robotic systems, allowing for the full range of urological and onco-urological interventions.
- Full-cycle care: from diagnostics and high-tech surgery to systemic therapy and long-term follow-up.
- Individualized approach: the decision on treatment strategy is made during a consultation, and the patient receives a clear examination and treatment plan tailored to their goals and lifestyle.
- Comfort and service: convenient appointments, attentive staff, and the clinic's modern infrastructure are noted by patients in independent reviews.
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What is the patient's journey like?
Initial Consultation
- Collection of complaints, examination, and preliminary conclusion
- Prescribing necessary tests and imaging
- Discussion of probable diagnoses and a preliminary plan of action
Complete Diagnostics
- Performing recommended tests as quickly as possible
- Morphological Verification of the Diagnosis
- Staging of the Disease and Overall Risk Assessment
Consultation and Choice of Tactics
Complex cases are discussed at a multidisciplinary consultation, after which the patient receives a detailed treatment plan explaining the alternatives and possible risks.
Treatment and rehabilitation
- Surgery, radiation or systemic therapy, or a combination of these
- Pain management, supportive care, and early mobilization
- Lifestyle recommendations, follow-up visits, and follow-up examinations
Frequently asked questions about urological oncology
How do I know if I need an oncologist and not a regular urologist?
Is it possible to cure prostate cancer without surgery?
How is robot-assisted surgery different from regular surgery?
How long does recovery take after urological oncology surgery?
What should you do if a loved one is diagnosed with a kidney or bladder tumor?
Make an appointment at a convenient time on the nearest date
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Who needs a consultation with an oncologist?
You should make an appointment with a urologist-oncologist if you notice one or more of the following symptoms:
Those at increased risk include men over 50, patients with a family history of prostate, kidney, or bladder cancer, smokers, and people working with chemical carcinogens.