Urethral stones
Stones in the urethra are one of the symptoms of urolithiasis, which is characterized by the formation of concretions in the urethra. They provoke pain, complicate the process of emptying the bladder., weaken or change the shape of the urine stream. To detect a stone in the urethra, a thorough diagnosis is necessary, which includes urethroscopy and a number of other studies.
You can undergo a comprehensive examination and receive treatment for urolithiasis at the K+31 medical center. Highly qualified and experienced urologists use modern equipment to safely remove urethral stones.
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The risk factors for secondary calculus formation include:
- Infectious lesions of the urinary system
- Diseases of the digestive system
- Osteoporosis
- Endocrine disorders
- Bone injuries
- Violation of water-electrolyte balance and blood chemistry
- Improper nutrition
- Genetic predisposition
- Long-term intake of sulfonamides, vitamin and mineral complexes
In women, stones in the urethra are diagnosed less frequently, which is due to anatomical features: high elasticity of the urethra, its short length and straight direction.
According to the number of formations, doctors distinguish single and multiple stones. Depending on their size, they are classified into large (capable of reaching 15 cm) and small (have a diameter of 2-3 mm).
A stone in the urinary canal in men and women has a similar composition to kidney stones. In most cases, urate, phosphate, carbonate and cholesterol stones are detected, less often – cystine and xanthine stones.
Stones in the urethra: symptoms
- Severe pain, pain
- Violation of urination
- Blood impurities in the urine due to ingestion of red blood cells
- Weak or intermittent jet when emptying
Diagnostics
To identify a stone in the urinary canal, the doctor first listens to and analyzes the patient's complaints. In men, concretions are detected by palpation of the penile part of the urethra. If the formations are localized in the posterior parts of the urethra, palpation is performed by the rectal method.
A vaginal gynecological examination helps to identify concretions in women. During the examination, the doctor palpates the front wall of the vagina.
Additionally, a stone in the urethra can be detected using the following examination methods:
- Endoscopy using a urethroscope
- Overview urography
- Computed tomography
- ULTRASOUND
- Magnetic resonance imaging
To determine the nature of the formation of concretions, a general and biochemical analysis of blood and urine, hormonal screening for women is carried out. To examine the kidneys and urinary tract, excretory urography using contrast agents is prescribed.
A stone is stuck in the urethra: what to do
If a stone is stuck in the urethra in the anterior section, doctors remove them with forceps. If the formations are located in the navicular fossa, removal is performed with tweezers or a clamp.
You can get rid of formations with a smooth surface by massaging and moving the concretions to the external opening of the urinary canal. If the hole is too narrow, a dissection is performed to widen it.
If stones are found in the posterior part of the urinary canal, the doctor pushes them with a catheter into the bladder, then removes them from the organ.
Sometimes small stones descend into the urethra from the kidneys, ureter or bladder and independently leave with urine in the form of sand. To speed up the withdrawal process, antispasmodics are shown to the patient.
If instrumental methods of extraction of concretions do not bring the desired result, the doctor prescribes an external ureterolithotomy followed by the removal of stones. Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery is performed to remove large formations. The doctor inserts a cystoscope through the urethra, captures the concretion, crushes it and extracts it out in parts.
If there are contraindications to endoscopic surgery, cystolithotomy is an effective treatment method. The procedure is performed under spinal anesthesia. The surgeon performs an incision of the anterior abdominal wall in the suprapubic zone and removes all concretions. If the patient has chronic urinary retention, the bladder is drained with a cystostomy. Then the surgical wound is sutured and a sterile bandage is fixed.
Non-contact cystolithotripsy is indicated for small concretions. The essence of the procedure is the effect of electromagnetic shock waves, which precisely crush stones into dust. The operation is performed under general anesthesia.
Recovery period after surgical treatment
After surgery, the patient is temporarily fitted with a urethral catheter. The product ensures the painless removal of urine and allows the doctor to treat the operated organ.
In the absence of complications and a favorable course of the rehabilitation period, the patient is allowed to leave the hospital for 2-3 days. It is recommended to give up sexual intercourse for at least 1 month so that the body can fully recover. It is also worth limiting physical activity, not lifting weights, not visiting saunas and swimming pools.
Prevention
To reduce the risk of concretions, including after surgery, doctors recommend following a number of rules:
- Empty your bladder regularly, as prolonged retention of urine overloads the organ and creates favorable conditions for salt crystallization
- Eat a balanced diet, reducing intake of salt, spicy seasonings, spices and fatty dishes
- Treat inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract in a timely manner
- Consume up to 2-2.5 liters of purified drinking water
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The advantages of diagnosis and treatment at the K+31 clinic
The medical center uses the latest minimally invasive methods of treating urolithiasis, which have few contraindications, rarely cause side effects and have a short recovery period. Caring and friendly staff creates optimal examination conditions, ensures monitoring of the patient's condition at all stages of therapy.
According to patient reviews, the advantages of the K+31 medical center include:
- Comprehensive diagnosis before any surgical intervention, which guarantees the accuracy of the diagnosis and the choice of the appropriate treatment method
- The professionalism of the doctors – the clinic employs urologists and surgeons with many years of experience who are constantly improving their skills abroad
- Postoperative management of the patient, which ensures rapid and high-quality recovery, reducing the risk of side effects
- Guarantee of complete confidentiality and safety of personal data of patients
- Comfortable conditions for patients, convenient schedule, without long waiting times
You can make an appointment with a doctor at any time and find out the prices of services through the feedback form. You can get acquainted with the clinic's promotions, study reviews and other useful information on the website of the medical center.
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Why do stones appear in the urinary canal?
Before you find out from the article whether a stone can get stuck in the urethra, what causes it and how to eliminate unpleasant symptoms, you need to understand the types of concretions. Depending on the nature of the development of urolithiasis, there are two types of calculi:
Primary stones are more common in men. They are formed due to chronic prostatitis, urethritis, and prostate adenoma. Also, stones in the urethra in men may appear in the presence of urethral strictures, diverticula of the urethra, fistulas.
A secondary stone in the urethra in men signals the presence of formations in the bladder or kidneys. Gradually, they reach the lumen of the urethra from the upper urinary tract, leading to pain and discomfort.