Urolithiasis, Nephrolithiasis
Urolithiasis (ICD 10-N20-N23) is a common urological disease, predominantly chronic, that requires special attention and mandatory treatment. It is accompanied by the formation of stones localized in various parts of the urinary system (kidneys, urinary tract, bladder). Given that the signs of kidney stones can be virtually unnoticeable for a long time, it is important to promptly identify the condition and begin appropriate treatment. If you experience even the slightest health complaints, we recommend contacting "K+31." The clinic's specialists will conduct a diagnosis, determine the cause of your symptoms, and provide the necessary treatment.
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Experts generally indicate that the formation of stones is associated with abnormal urinary tract function. Stones are hard masses formed by the crystallization of salts found in urine.
Stones can vary in shape, size, and chemical composition. But even a small kidney stone can cause symptoms that require immediate medical attention. Prompt treatment can help prevent complications.
Symptoms of Urolithiasis
Urolithiasis is always accompanied by intense pain, primarily concentrated in the lumbar region. Depending on the location and size of the stone, the presence of obstruction, and individual characteristics, the pain may be constant or intermittent, sharp or dull.
If a person has large, immobile stones, the discomfort is constant. The pain is usually related to the patient's mobility. It may appear, intensify, or subside with active movement, riding, or physical activity. Most patients complain of being unable to lie down due to the pain. Walking may alleviate the lower back discomfort somewhat.
Other signs of kidney stones in women and men:
- Malaise and weakness
- Nausea accompanied by vomiting
- Blood in the urine
- Abdominal bloating and difficulty passing gas
- Fever
- Cloudy urine with the appearance of flakes or sediment
Kidney stone symptoms in both women and men can suddenly worsen. This indicates the development of a specific condition called renal colic. It is accompanied by severe pain in the lumbar region, radiating to the groin. In this case, the discomfort is caused by obstruction of the urinary tract. The attack is associated with the spontaneous movement of a kidney stone into the bladder.
Kidney Stones: Symptoms in Men
The disease is much more common among men than among women. In men, the disease presents itself typically and is characterized by intense pain. There is also a pronounced burning sensation in the urethra, which intensifies when attempting to urinate. The pain can also radiate to the penis, scrotum, and groin.
Kidney Stones: Symptoms in Women
In women, the condition is less common. The clinical picture is typical. Many people mistakenly perceive renal colic for pain that occurs during menstruation. This complicates diagnosis and subsequent treatment. In women, a ureteral stone causes a strong urge to urinate, which does not subside even after going to the toilet.
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Diagnosis
To ensure successful treatment of urolithiasis, you should seek help from a urologist at the first sign of pathology. The doctor will examine the patient and collect a medical history. The doctor will then refer you for the necessary tests and examinations:
- Ultrasound of the kidneys, bladder, and, if necessary, abdominal organs (to rule out other diseases)
- Blood and urine tests
- Kidney tests
- X-ray
- Urine culture with antibiotic sensitivity testing
- Excretory urography
- Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging
The diagnostic methods used in a specific clinical case are determined by the doctor.
Benefits of urolithiasis treatment at the K+31 medical center
The clinic employs highly experienced urologists who can help you remove kidney stones without surgery. Our specialists will select the optimal treatment method for each patient, including medications, lithotripsy, and more. If fragmentation is necessary, the procedure will be performed using modern equipment, guaranteeing safety and excellent results.
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Causes of urolithiasis
To date, the exact causes that provoke kidney stone disease have not yet been established. Numerous factors contribute to the formation of stones: