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Laryngoscopy – endoscopy of the throat and larynx

Laryngoscopy allows you to examine the larynx and its anatomical structures. This diagnostic method is considered very informative - it helps to identify dangerous diseases at an early stage. Doctors at the K+31 clinic widely use this method, taking care of our patients.
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Diagnosis of diseases of the throat and larynx through endoscopy
Diagnosis of diseases of the throat and larynx through endoscopy

Endoscopic laryngoscopy can detect laryngeal inflammation and abscesses. It is also carried out to detect:

  • Tumors (benign and malignant)
  • Burns caused by thermal or chemical exposure
  • Adhesions and tumors on the vocal cords

This procedure also helps to identify injuries to the vocal cords and detect the presence of foreign objects in the larynx.

Limitations for laryngoscopy
Limitations for laryngoscopy

Indirect laryngoscopy is usually safe and does not have strict restrictions on its use. Direct laryngoscopy has contraindications.

These include:

  • Problems with the blood coagulation system
  • Epileptic seizures
  • Recent throat surgery
  • Serious cardiovascular diseases

The procedure is not performed in the presence of these conditions, because this background increases the risk of complications.

General information about the procedure

Types of procedure

Laryngoscopy can be indirect, direct or retrograde. During indirect laryngoscopy, the doctor examines the throat using a special mirror.

Direct laryngoscopy allows for a more in-depth examination. The process uses flexible (used with local anesthesia) or rigid (requires general anesthesia) fiber laryngoscopes with an optical system.

Retrograde laryngoscopy is used to examine the nasopharynx through the nose. This is a minimally invasive procedure that is performed under local anesthesia.

Types of procedure

Preparation for laryngoscopy

Indirect laryngoscopy does not require complex preparation. It is enough to avoid eating and limit fluid intake 4 hours before the test. Such measures help reduce the risk of gag reflex during the procedure.

Before direct laryngoscopy, the doctor refers the patient to undergo a computed tomography or barium test. A week before the procedure, you need to donate blood for analysis. You also need to stop taking medications that can affect blood clotting (for example, Aspirin and multivitamins).

Preparation for laryngoscopy

How the procedure is performed

Mirror laryngoscopy begins with a survey and examination. At the same time, the doctor clarifies the patient’s complaints and gets acquainted with the history of his illness.

Before the examination, you will need to remove dentures (if any). Then you need to open your mouth wide and stretch out your tongue. Using a speculum heated to body temperature, the doctor will carefully examine the oropharynx and vocal cords. To get a better overview, the specialist may ask the patient to loudly pronounce several vowel sounds.

Before performing direct laryngoscopy, the doctor sprays an anesthetic spray into the patient's throat. Then the person lies down in a chair and throws his head back. To examine the desired area, the doctor inserts a flexible laryngoscope with a light and camera.

How is the procedure performed?

Fibrolaryngoscopy

Fibrolaryngoscopy allows for detailed examination of hard-to-reach areas of the larynx. In this case, modern endoscopes equipped with video cameras are used. This makes it possible to visualize the smallest changes in the mucosa.

One of the most informative types of this procedure is diagnostic epipharyngolaryngoscopy. It allows the doctor to get the clearest image of the internal structures.

At the very beginning of the procedure, the patient is placed in a chair and asked to tilt his head back a little. Then a special instrument with a small video camera on the end is inserted into the throat. Its use allows the doctor to visualize the larynx and surrounding tissues.

If during the examination areas are discovered that require additional examination, the doctor takes a biopsy. To do this, he uses special instruments that are inserted through the endoscope channel. Taking a small sample of tissue from the suspicious area, he then sends it for histological examination. In this way, an accurate diagnosis can be made - for example, the presence of cancer cells can be confirmed or excluded. If foreign bodies and polyps are found, the doctor removes them.

After completing the procedure, the specialist carefully removes the endoscope. If the patient complains of pain or sore throat, the specialist treats the examined area with a spray.

If the procedure was carried out under general anesthesia, after its completion the specialist carefully removes the patient from the state of anesthesia. He is then transferred to the recovery room for observation. Once the person’s condition has stabilized, they are allowed to go home.

Fibrolaryngoscopy

Recovery after laryngoscopy and possible risks

This type of study is usually easily tolerated. However, after pressing on the back wall of the pharynx, short-term attacks of nausea may occur, which quickly disappear.

Also allowed to appear:

  • Swelling (accompanied by difficulty swallowing)
  • Tolerable sore throat
  • Bloody discharge (immediately after collecting biomaterial)

To reduce the intensity of adverse reactions, it is necessary to refrain from eating and drinking until the anesthesia wears off. Smokers should avoid nicotine for 8-12 hours after the procedure. If complications develop (for example, bleeding), you can smoke only after your doctor’s permission.

In general, periodic bleeding during the first 24 hours after the procedure is not a cause for concern. However, if bleeding persists for more than a day or is accompanied by a persistent metallic taste in the mouth, you should immediately consult a specialist.

Recovery after laryngoscopy and possible risks

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Our doctors

Sokolova Vera Nikolaevna
Experience 17 years
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Sokolova
Vera Nikolaevna
Otorhinolaryngologist, audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist
Spiranskaya Olga Aleksandrovna
Experience 19 years
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Spiranskaya
Olga Aleksandrovna
Head of the otolaryngology department, leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Tetzoeva Zalina Muratovna
Experience 25 years
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Tetzoeva
Zalina Muratovna
Deputy chief physician for outpatient care, otolaryngologist, surgeon
Kochetkova (Minavnina) Yulia Vladimirovna
Experience 14 years
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Kochetkova (Minavnina)
Yulia Vladimirovna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Osipova Irina Andreevna
Experience 26 years
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Osipova
Irina Andreevna
Head of the center for otolaryngology and ENT rheumatology, otolaryngologist, surgeon, leading specialist, expert in ENT pathology in autoimmune diseases
Selenina Tatyana Vitalievna
Experience 22 years
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Selenina
Tatyana Vitalievna
ENT doctor
Lapshina Anastasia Andreevna
Experience 12 years
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Lapshina
Anastasia Andreevna
Otolaryngologist, audiologist
Samarin Nikolay Evgenyevich
Experience 19 years
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Samarin
Nikolay Evgenyevich
ENT doctor
Krahovetsky Nikolay Nikolaevich
Experience 18 years
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Krahovetsky
Nikolay Nikolaevich
ENT doctor
Lopatin Andrew Stanislavovich
Experience 46 years
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Lopatin
Andrew Stanislavovich
Otorhinolaryngologist, surgeon
Portnyagina Maria Pavlovna
Experience 14 years
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Portnyagina
Maria Pavlovna
Audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist
Kaspranskaya Galina Rustemovna
Experience 21 year
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Kaspranskaya
Galina Rustemovna
Otorhinolaryngologist, otoneurologist, audiologist
Koblova Tatyana Alexandrovna
Experience 23 years
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Koblova
Tatyana Alexandrovna
ENT doctor
Punkov Maxim Anatolevich
Experience 21 year
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Punkov
Maxim Anatolevich
ENT doctor
Varenkova Olga Vladimirovna
Experience 26 years
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Varenkova
Olga Vladimirovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Budeikina Liliya Sergeevna
Experience 12 years
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Budeikina
Liliya Sergeevna
Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist
Kornienko Roman Anatolievich
Experience 28 years
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Kornienko
Roman Anatolievich
Otorhinolaryngologist
Budnitskaya Elena Vasilievna
Experience 13 years
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Budnitskaya
Elena Vasilievna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Varvyanskaya Anastasia Vladimirovna
Experience 22 years
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Varvyanskaya
Anastasia Vladimirovna
Otolaryngologist, surgeon, leading specialist, expert in olfactory dysfunction
Akhmedov Magomed Akhmedovich Make an appointment
Akhmedov
Magomed Akhmedovich
Otorhinolaryngologist, pediatric ENT
Putkaradze Ekaterina Iosifovnz
Experience 3 years
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Putkaradze
Ekaterina Iosifovnz
Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist
Chekaldina Elena Vladimirovna
Experience 14 years
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Chekaldina
Elena Vladimirovna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Samusenkova Ksenia Vladislavovna
Experience 6 years
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Samusenkova
Ksenia Vladislavovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Polivoda Anna Mikhailovna
Experience 20 years
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Polivoda
Anna Mikhailovna
Otorhinolaryngologist, audiologist, otoneurologist
Balybina Natalia Alekseevna
Experience 5 years
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Balybina
Natalia Alekseevna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Malyavina Ulyana Stanislavovna
Experience 28 years
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Malyavina
Ulyana Stanislavovna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Latysheva Elena Nikolaevna
Experience 16 years
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Latysheva
Elena Nikolaevna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Krasnosheeva Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Experience 9 years
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Krasnosheeva
Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Gergiev Vladimir Felixovich
Experience 10 years
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Gergiev
Vladimir Felixovich
Otorhinolaryngologist
Astasheva Vera Markovna
Experience 10 years
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Astasheva
Vera Markovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Primary appointment with an otorhinolaryngologist
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Repeated appointment with an otorhinolaryngologist
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09.04.2026
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Koblova Tatyana Alexandrovna

A wonderful doctor, the best otoneurologist in our life, a highly qualified specialist!
30.03.2026
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Kaspranskaya Galina Rustemovna

A very good doctor, Julia Vladimir. I ran a survey, heard complaints, ordered treatment. I'm happy to have a doctor's appointment, I'll be recommending to everyone! Thank you very much!
26.03.2026
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Kochetkova (Minavnina) Yulia Vladimirovna

Good doctor, professional. I love it.
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Portnyagina Maria Pavlovna

I've been advised by my tech doctor to contact Nikolay Eugenevich as a very literate specialist. The doctor explained everything in detail, looked at the pictures, ran the test-audiometer, made the treatment. It's okay.
18.03.2026
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Visited Coblow T.A. Gramot doctor's O.O., listened carefully, made recommendations for treatment. I'll recommend to my family and loved ones.
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Koblova Tatyana Alexandrovna

He was operating at Dr. Spiran O.A. I'm glad I got into a secure arm.
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Spiranskaya Olga Aleksandrovna

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Spiranskaya Olga Aleksandrovna

Very good doctor.
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Best doctor and just a charming woman.
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