Removing wax plug
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Indications for removal of wax plug
- Deterioration of hearing or sudden loss
- Feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear
- Pain in the ear canal
- Frequent ear infections
- Noise or ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
- Headache, dizziness and balance problems
- Reflex cough, vomiting
- Unpleasant odor from the ear
- Discomfort when wearing hearing aids or headphones
Signs of an ear plug
At the beginning of the formation of an ear plug, a person usually does not feel any discomfort. The first symptoms occur after water gets into the ear canals, for example, while swimming or showering. Water turns the sulfur into a soft, playdough-like mass that attaches to the eardrum and impairs hearing.
Other signs of wax plug formation include:
- Feeling of ear fullness
- Deterioration in the ability to perceive sounds
- Echo of your own voice in your head
- Painful sensations in the ears
- Noise or humming occurs
If the plug puts pressure on the eardrum, additional symptoms may appear. Among them are reflexive cough, headaches, nausea, dizziness. If you notice the first symptoms, it is recommended to immediately consult an otolaryngologist to avoid inflammation and other complications.
Diagnostic methods
No complex laboratory tests are required to identify ear plugs. The doctor analyzes the patient's complaints and conducts an examination. Large plugs are visible without special equipment, but for small ones a painless and comfortable technique is used - otoscopy. Using a frontal reflector and a special funnel, the doctor examines the ear canal. Sometimes the procedure causes a reflex cough due to nerve irritation.
The doctor must also distinguish between wax plugs and other diseases:
- Otomycosis - fungal infections of the ear, which are accompanied by characteristic discharge
- Cholesteatomas, or epidermal cysts formed from dead skin cells and containing no earwax
- Tumors in the ear canal
- Foreign bodies in the ears, which is common in children
Before and after the wax removal procedure, hearing function is assessed. It is carried out by testing the patient's ability to detect a whisper at a distance of 6 meters or using a tuning fork.
If hearing is not restored after removing the plug, additional examinations are prescribed, including pure tone threshold audiometry. In this test, the patient listens to sounds of different frequencies through headphones in a soundproof room, noting the audibility of each of them.
Cleansing the ear canal
The irrigation method, also known as ear canal cleansing, is the most effective way to get rid of earwax buildup. To carry out the procedure, the doctor heats the water to a comfortable temperature (36-37 degrees), which prevents irritation and discomfort. To remove ear wax plugs, sterile solutions or furatsilin are used if the patient does not have damage to the eardrum and otitis media.
Important! Hard sulfur plugs are first softened using drops based on soda and glycerin or a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution. Such drops must be instilled into the ears 2-3 days before rinsing.
To perform irrigation, the doctor uses a Janet syringe. It directs the flow of water not directly to the plug, but along the back of the ear canal, which reduces the likelihood of injury. The length of the syringe is strictly controlled to avoid damage to the ear canal and eardrum.
Pay attention! The procedure is recommended if the wax plug does not completely block the ear canal.
If the passage is completely blocked, the doctor may use a hook to create a small channel through which water can bypass the blockage and push it out. At the final stage, a detailed examination of the eardrum is carried out to determine its integrity.
After the procedure, the doctor gives recommendations on caring for the ears:
- Use cotton swabs correctly. Limit their use to the outer part of the ear. Avoid deep penetration into the ear canal. Choose models with limiters
- Explain to your child that small objects should not be inserted into the ears
- Seek medical help promptly. If infectious diseases or unpleasant symptoms appear in the ears, immediately make an appointment with a doctor
- Avoid removing wax plugs yourself. Only a qualified doctor will perform the procedure safely
- Get preventive examinations to prevent chronic ear diseases
When bathing or swimming, wear protective equipment (such as waterproof earplugs) to prevent water from entering the ear canal.
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Causes of ear plugs
Earwax is an accumulation of earwax and dead cells in the ear canal, which interferes with the normal perception of sounds. According to statistics, about 5% of the population faces this problem. The actual number may be higher because not all people seek medical help.
The formation of ear plugs is promoted by internal and external factors. Internal factors include:
Among the external factors, doctors highlight the regular use of cotton swabs to clean the ears, the use of headphones, hearing devices and protective earplugs. Also, the risk of traffic jams increases when working in environments where there is a lot of dust.
Due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the ear canals, children and the elderly are most susceptible to the formation of wax plugs. Also, excessive accumulation of secretion from the sebaceous glands is observed in chronic diseases, otitis media, eczema, and incorrect apposition of the upper and lower jaws.