BCG therapy in K+31: effective treatment for bladder cancer
In modern urological oncology, BCG therapy is recognized as the "gold standard" of adjuvant treatment for non-invasive bladder cancer. This intravesical immunotherapy method is used after surgical removal of the tumor (TURB) to prevent recurrence and reduce the risk of the disease becoming more aggressive.
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How does the procedure work in K+31
The procedure is designed to ensure the patient feels calm and comfortable. The entire procedure takes approximately two hours.
Preparation in the ward:
The patient is placed in a comfortable day hospital room.
Administration of the drug:
Under local anesthesia, the doctor inserts a thin, soft catheter into the bladder, then administers the vaccine and removes the catheter. The procedure is generally painless.
Exposure:
The drug should remain in the bladder for 1.5–2 hours. During this time, it is important to change body position every 15 minutes (rolling from side to side, sitting, or lying down) to ensure the solution evenly covers all walls of the bladder.
Treatment protocol and preparation
Immunotherapy requires a systematic approach. The standard course is divided into two phases:
Induction course:
administration of the drug once a week for 6 weeks.
Maintenance course:
to consolidate the results, instillations are carried out according to an individual schedule (from several months to 3 years).
Pre-procedure recommendations:
- Limit your fluid intake 4 hours before your appointment. This will help retain the drug in your bladder for the required time and maintain its concentration.
- A general urine analysis is required to rule out a current infection.
- A Diaskintest is a mandatory step.
Precautions after manipulation
Since the drug contains live, albeit weakened, bacteria, the patient's urine is considered potentially biologically hazardous for the first 6 hours after the procedure.
For the safety of the patient and his family at home, it is recommended:
- Disinfection After your first urination, add regular chlorine bleach to the toilet (the volume should be approximately equal to the volume of urine) and let it sit for 15-30 minutes before flushing.
- Hygiene It is advisable to urinate while sitting to avoid splashing. Afterward, wash your hands and genitals thoroughly with soap.
- Drinking regimen After the end of exposure (after 2 hours), it is recommended to drink 2–3 liters of water to speed up the elimination of residual drug.
- Restrictions Abstain from sexual intercourse for 48 hours after the procedure.
General information
Medications and conditions in K+31
We use proven medications with proven effectiveness: the domestically produced Imuron-Vac or the imported equivalent Uro-BCG Medac. The choice of medication is discussed with the attending physician.
If there are contraindications (e.g., active infection, immunodeficiency conditions, or recent bladder trauma), alternative treatments may be recommended: surgery or intravesical chemotherapy.
FAQ
Is it possible to become infected with tuberculosis?
What symptoms should you be prepared for?
Local inflammation is a sign of immune response activation. In the first few days, the following may occur:
- Frequent and painful urination
- Appearance of blood in the urine
- Mild malaise and low-grade fever
K+31 specialists remain in contact with the patient to promptly distinguish an expected reaction from systemic complications and provide the necessary assistance.
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Why is BCG therapy effective?
The method is based on the use of a weakened strain of live Mycobacterium bovis bacteria. When administered to the bladder, the drug triggers a local immune response. The immune system is activated, recognizes residual tumor cells, and destroys them.
This method is one of the most effective treatments for CIS (squamous carcinoma in situ) and a key tool in bladder preservation strategies.