Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

MRI of the brain vessels

Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain is a study that can produce clear images of the brain vessels and tissues in the form of thin sections or a 3D model. MRI is performed using a tomograph operating on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance, with a voltage of 1.5 Tesla. The technique is more accurate and gentle, compared to computed tomography (PET), which uses ionizing X-ray radiation.

With the help of MRI of the brain and vessels, it is possible to assess structural and functional changes in veins, arteries and soft tissues, and make an accurate diagnosis of pathologies at early stages.

Depending on the type of diagnosis and disease, the doctor may refer the patient to undergo:

1. Standard MRI of the head and vessels. Primary diagnostics, which is carried out to assess structural changes in brain tissue (BT)
2. MRI in vascular mode. Assesses the condition of the arteries and veins of the brain and neck - pulsation, volume of filling and outflow of blood, the presence of blood clots, atherosclerotic plaques, blood supply to the nerve receptors of the BT
3. MRI of the vessels of the brain (veins and arteries) with contrast. An assessment of the shape and patency of the vessels is performed before and after the introduction of a contrast agent. Allows you to get more detailed information about the blood supply to the brain - the size of blood clots, aneurysms, neoplasms
4. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). A standard technique that can be used to obtain images of vascular lumens in different projections layer by layer, without the use of contrast agents. MRA with contrast is used for clearer images of veins, arteries and stationary tissues around them

MRI of the brain

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is a highly informative visualization method, a diagnostic study of brain structures. With the help of this examination, the doctor can identify various diseases and evaluate the processes that occur in the tissues, make a diagnosis, together with other research methods, the method helps to obtain a more accurate clinical picture. This examination is carried out to identify oncological diseases, pathological processes. It is more informative than X-rays or ultrasound. Currently, MRI of the brain ranks first in efficiency and prevalence among diagnostic methods in neurology.

Magnetic resonance therapy is prescribed not only to adults, but also to children, which proves the safety of the method. The drug is based on the magnetic field that surrounds us in everyday life.

What does MRI of the brain show? The diagnostic method allows a specialist to consider the presence of changes in the structure and activity of the brain (GM). This is possible due to obtaining images in different projections.

Different MRI techniques of the brain are used to conduct the study:

• Topometric. Assesses the condition of the cranial cortex, brain and blood vessels
• With non-contrast angiography of intracranial arteries. In this case, a special mode is used that makes it possible to distinguish between stationary tissues and mobile ones (blood). This technique helps to visualize the vessels and obtain information about their structure, changes, anatomy of location, as well as determine the degree of stenosis and the width of the lumen in the vessel
• According to the epileptological protocol. Targeted study of the structures responsible for the occurrence of epileptic seizures

MRI of the lumbar spine

Magnetic resonance imaging is considered the safest method for diagnosing pathologies of internal organs, due to the absence of radiation or radio wave exposure and a small number of contraindications. Lumbosacral spine examination (LBS MRI) is performed to identify structural and functional disorders in the vertebrae, joints, sacrum, surrounding soft tissues, nerves and vessels of this area of ​​the back.

Tomography of the lumbar region can be performed in two ways:

1. Standard MRI POP. The lumbar region is scanned to obtain a series of layered slices of flat and three-dimensional reconstruction images to identify abnormalities in the structure in case of injuries
2. With contrast enhancement. MRI of the lumbar region is performed with intravenous contrast for clearer visualization of blood vessels, assessment of the quality of blood flow in tissues

The method of diagnostics is determined by the attending physician - therapist, traumatologist, neurologist, surgeon or other specialist who issued the referral for the examination. The choice of method depends on the preliminary diagnosis, individual indications and contraindications, medical history and general condition of the patient.

MRI of the pelvic organs

MRI of the pelvic organs is the most important examination in making a diagnosis. It allows you to determine with high accuracy the presence of pathologies of the pelvic organs even at the earliest stages of development. In K+31, examinations of the ovaries, vagina, uterus and fallopian tubes, bladder and tissues of the pelvic organs are available. Magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive, and therefore absolutely painless method of radiation diagnostics. MRI in K+31 is absolute comfort and safety for each patient.

MRI of the knee joint

Magnetic resonance imaging is an effective method for diagnosing knee joint diseases, which is more informative than CT or X-ray. The study is prescribed to confirm the initial diagnosis or to assess the condition after treatment.

What the doctor can see in a series of layered MRI images of the knees:

• Bone and cartilage damage, meniscus, kneecap due to trauma of any duration
• Blood vessel condition
• Knee joint diseases - arthrosis, osteoarthrosis, arthritis, Baker's cyst, synomyoma
• Damage to ligaments and tendons
• Tumors with differentiation into benign and malignant, metastases
• Inflammatory processes and tissue necrosis
• Meniscus ruptures and impingements

A standard examination includes layered images of the knee in different projections (in flat and three-dimensional space).

If cancer is suspected, the doctor recommends an MRI with contrast enhancement. With the help of this type of diagnostics, a specialist can accurately study the structure of blood vessels, damaged tissues and neoplasms. In the presence of cancerous tumors, it is possible to determine their clear boundaries and sizes, the presence of metastases.

In case of bone injury (dislocation, fracture), a more indicative diagnostic method is X-ray or computed tomography. MRI is focused on studying the condition of tissues, blood vessels, cartilage and neoplasms.

MRI of the temporomandibular joint

A popular diagnostic method of MRI of the temporomandibular joint TMJ is a non-invasive hardware study of bones and soft tissues in the area of ​​the junction of the distal lower jaw with the base of the skull. The anatomy of the structures is an obstacle to diagnosis, and only the MRI method can identify the causes of all joint dysfunctions that arise.

The diagnostic clinic "K+31" performs all types of diagnostics, including the head, brain, joints, spine, neck vessels, abdominal and pelvic organs, endocrine glands. Modern equipment allows you to get accurate results that contribute to the correct diagnosis and timely adequate treatment.

The technique is based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance. Hydrogen atoms in living tissue cells react to radio frequency pulses in an electromagnetic field, and each type of cell has its own characteristic response. This picture is processed by a computer in the form of slice images, which allow a layer-by-layer study of the condition of the area under study. The 3D format is convenient for examining the structure from different sides, which is impossible in other diagnostic techniques.

MRI of the jaw and joints provides complete information on the condition of all structures, tissues, pathological foci and changes, functionality, histological features of the altered tissue.

Thus, it is possible to diagnose benign and malignant neoplasms, injuries, damage to the articular meniscus, arthritis, arthrosis, vascular dysfunction, congenital deformities.

MRI of the heart and coronary vessels: what the study shows

Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart is the most popular and effective diagnostic method in cardiology. Given the existing limitations (constant mobility of the organs being examined), the technique allows you to obtain all the necessary information. Thanks to visualization of the organ using a tomograph scan, the doctor can assess the condition of the heart chambers and blood vessels, study intracardiac dynamics, and evaluate hemodynamic parameters.

According to WHO statistics, up to 10% of all heart diseases occur in people under 40 years of age. With age, the number of diseases associated with disorders in the cardiovascular system increases. The situation is worsened by the fact that in the early stages of heart and vascular pathology, they do not manifest themselves in any way or are accompanied by nonspecific symptoms. This is why accurate diagnostics are so important for the treatment of these diseases.

MRI of the heart and coronary vessels allows you to obtain detailed, layered images of the area being examined. Thanks to this, the doctor can:

• Assess the anatomy and function of the heart chambers and valves for normality
• Obtain information about the characteristics of blood flow in large vessels, as well as surrounding structures, such as the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart)
• Study the structural features of the myocardium
• Assess the consequences of changes after surgery
• Diagnose cardiovascular diseases, including neoplasms, infections and inflammatory processes
• Investigate the consequences of coronary artery disease, such as limited blood flow to the muscle and scarring after a heart attack
• Monitor and make adjustments to the patient's therapy for various pathologies of the cardiovascular system
• Investigate the anatomy and function of the cardiovascular system in children and adults with congenital defects hearts

MRI helps in preoperative preparation, treatment planning for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and detection of neoplasms.

MRI of the abdominal organs

MRI of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space is a hardware examination of internal organs using a magnetic field with computer processing of images. The study is very informative, allows you to replace several alternative diagnostic methods.

Advantages, types of magnetic tomography

MRI of the abdominal organs visualizes not only the anatomical structures, ducts, blood flow system, but also the cause of the pathology, the primary focus of the process, the stage, the nature of pathological changes in the tissues.

Advantages:

• Visualization can be performed in multiple sections
• Can detect neoplasms of 2-3 mm
• The study is safe, non-invasive, without radiation exposure

Types of magnetic resonance imaging:

1. Native, without contrast
2. Abdominal MRI with contrast

When choosing a study with contrast enhancement, the doctor must first do an allergy test and instruct the patient on preparation.