Pathology of the cervix

The key to timely diagnosis of background diseases is a regular visit to the gynecologist for a routine examination. This must be done at least once every six months.
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About the service

The health of the cervix plays a very important role in a woman's well-being. It is from him in most cases that the ability to become pregnant and bear children depends. In the absence of proper treatment, neglected pathologies of the uterus lead to the development of oncological diseases of the reproductive organs and infertility.

Drug therapy is divided into general and local. It may include tablets, droppers, vaginal suppositories, washes, applications.

Pathologically altered tissues can be destroyed with a laser. When they are burned out, there are no scars on the surface, and the risk of recurrence is minimized.

Radio wave treatment or chemical destruction is less common. More often, cryotherapy is used, which allows freezing pathological cells, which leads to their death.

The reasons for the development of diseases

According to statistics, in recent years, the number of cases of diagnosing cervical pathologies in young women (aged 15-24) has significantly increased. It is this age that is considered critical for women's health, since during this period several factors predisposing to the development of diseases can influence it at once:

1
Early onset of sexual activity
2
Hormonal disruptions during the restructuring of the body in the process of growing up
3
Infection with sexually transmitted diseases (for example, the papilloma virus can cause malignant neoplasms)
4
Artificial termination of pregnancy

The risk of developing pathologies of the cervix increases in the climacteric period. During this time, the woman's body reduces the production of the hormone estrogen. This leads to thinning of the mucous membrane of the vaginal part of the cervix. It is already less capable of regeneration, therefore it is more susceptible to the influence of microorganisms and bacteria.

All pathologies of the cervix are classified into background, precancerous and cancerous. Backgrounds have a low cancer threat.

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Background diseases

The key to the timely diagnosis of background diseases is a regular visit to the gynecologist for a scheduled examination. This must be done at least once every six months. Background diseases include:

  • Inflammation of the cervix. In medicine, this disease is called cervicitis or endocervicitis. Most often, the disease is caused by an infection that has entered through the vagina.
  • Cysts. Benign neoplasms filled with fluid inside. Amenable to conservative treatment, but with active growth or the risk of degeneration into a malignant tumor, they are removed surgically.
  • Ectropion. This pathology consists in eversion of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal.
  • Polyps of the cervix. Benign growths that need to be surgically removed. Usually they resort to minimally invasive surgery.
  • Cicatricial deformities. Formed after traumatic tissue ruptures.
  • Cervical erosion. It is a pathology that develops after mechanical damage to the mucous membrane. Trauma can be caused by abortion, for example. Erosion also includes the displacement of the epithelium, during a gynecological examination it looks like a stain of tissues of a different color. To diagnose the nature of the pathology, colposcopy is performed and cells are taken for a biopsy.

Precancerous and oncological diseases

Dysplasia and condylomas are classified as precancerous. Dysplasia is changes in the deep layers of the epithelium. During the diagnostic process, atypical cells are often detected. They are the ones that have signs of malignancy.

Some strains of the human papilloma virus cause genital warts. Others can lead to the development of malignant neoplasms. Types 16, 18, 35, 39 and 45 are considered the most dangerous.

Oncological diseases include carcinoma of the cervix. In terms of prevalence, this disease is in second place after breast cancer. Symptoms of the development of a tumor may be pain in the lower abdomen, swelling of the genitals and spotting during intercourse.

Treatment of pathologies of the cervix

Drug therapy is divided into general and local. It may include pills, droppers, vaginal suppositories, rinsing, applications.

The diseased tissue can be destroyed with a laser. When they are burned out, no scars remain on the surface, and the risk of recurrence is minimized.

Less common is treatment with radio waves or chemical destruction. Cryotherapy is more often used, which allows to freeze abnormal cells, which leads to their death.

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Reception
Price
Primary appointment with the leading obstetrician-gynecologist
from 5 100 ₽
Repeated appointment with the leading obstetrician-gynecologist
from 4 500 ₽
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Our doctors
Kappusheva
Laura Magomedovna
Deputy chief doctor in gynecology, obstetrician-gynecologist
Kamoeva
Svetlana Viktorovna
Deputy Chief Physician for Obstetrics and Gynecology, obstetrician-gynecologist
Pivovarova
Svetlana Victorovna
Head of the outpatient department, gynecologist, endocrinologist
Shevchuk
Alexei Sergeyevich
Oncogynecology consultant, obstetrician-gynecologist
Ozdoeva
Zara Salmanovna
Obstetrician-gynecologist, doctor of ultrasound diagnostics
Pegova
Maria Romanovna
Obstetrician-gynecologist
Smirnova
Angelica Yuryevna
Obstetrician-gynecologist, endocrinologist
Dukhina
Tatiana Alexandrovna
Obstetrician-gynecologist, ultrasound specialist
Sirotinina
Maria Vasilievna
Obstetrician-gynecologist, gynecologist-endocrinologist, ultrasound diagnostics doctor
Grishin
Igor Igorevich
Obstetrician-gynecologist
Gomov
Mikhail Alexandrovich
Consultant in oncogynecology, obstetrician-gynecologist
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