Benign formations of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx

Benign formations of the nasopharynx (ENT organs) are often diagnosed - about 2-3% of the total number of cases. Most often, neoplasms that do not start metastases and do not recur after removal are localized in the larynx. They differ in histological structure. Less often, benign formations in the nose and its sinuses are diagnosed - fibromas, neuromas, angiomas. Sometimes in the category of neoplasms are polyps of the mucous membrane. But they do not have the structure characteristic of tumors.

Symptoms

Benign tumors of the ENT organs grow more slowly compared to malignant tumors. But as the formation increases, it affects and injures nearby tissues, mucous membranes. If you ignore a benign tumor, the risk of its degeneration into cancer increases over time. The main symptoms of formations in the ENT organs include:

  1. Difficulty swallowing.
  2. Violation of speech, breathing.
  3. Headache that often "radiates" to the neck.
  4. Unreasonable shortness of breath.
  5. Frequent nosebleeds.
  6. Bad breath.
  7. Feeling of the presence of a foreign body in the nasopharynx.

In most cases, patients go to the doctor with advanced forms of the disease, which are accompanied by more serious concomitant symptoms - fever, weight loss, apathy. They often indicate that a benign formation has passed into a malignant stage of development.

Diagnostic methods

One of the most informative methods for diagnosing oncological formations of the ENT organs is computed tomography. It enables doctors to determine the localization of the tumor, structural changes in tissues.

Another common diagnostic method is tissue puncture under ultrasound guidance. The biological material obtained after puncture of the tumor is studied in the laboratory. To obtain a more accurate clinical picture of the development of the disease, additional diagnostic methods can be used:

  1. Blood test.
  2. Audiogram.
  3. Video endoscopy.
  4. Radiography.
  5. Tracheobronchoscopy.
  6. Laryngoscopy.

Additional examination is prescribed taking into account the patient's condition, tumor growth. They are necessary to determine the most correct method of therapy.

Treatment features

The most common type of therapy for benign tumors of the ENT organs, widely used in domestic and foreign clinics, is surgical removal of the tumor. The type of operation and its duration directly depend on the size of the formation, structural features and the density of its tissues.

  1. At the initial stage of the development of the disease, doctors use sparing, short-term operations. They provide for local removal of the tumor without affecting healthy tissue.
  2. In advanced cases, benign neoplasms of the nasopharynx are removed along with the affected mucous membranes, nearby lymph nodes. In a particularly difficult situation, the tumor can be removed along with fragments of the skull bones.

Modern surgeons with complete or partial resection of the formation during the operation can carry out one-stage plastic, reconstruction, and implantation of the affected organ. In the case of an inoperable form of the disease, other methods of treatment can be applied, including radiation therapy.

Prevention methods

The research results showed that in the risk group for the development of benign formations of the pharynx, larynx, nose and its appendages are middle-aged people (mainly men) who abuse alcohol and smoking. If a person gives up bad habits, the chances of developing a tumor of the ENT organs are reduced.

If one or more symptoms characteristic of benign nasopharyngeal formations appear, it is recommended to undergo a comprehensive examination with the obligatory consultation of an ENT specialist. If the presence of a tumor is confirmed, you cannot self-medicate. The sooner the doctor prescribes an adequate method of therapy, the higher the patient's chances of a full recovery.

Service record

Services

  • Blowing of the auditory tubes according to Politzer
  • Otoacoustic emissions
  • Nose fracture
  • Sinus lift
  • Otoscopy
  • Tympanometry
  • Angina
  • Paresis of the larynx
  • Surgical treatment of snoring
  • Laryngoscopy


Specialists

All specialists
Sadikov
Ilya Sergeyevich

Head of the Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngologist

Tetzoeva
Zalina Muratovna

Head of the department of otorhinolaryngology, otorhinolaryngologist

PhD

Osipova
Irina Andreevna

ENT doctor

PhD

Lapshina
Anastasia Andreevna

Otolaryngologist, audiologist

Lopatin
Andrew Stanislavovich

Chief Specialist in Otorhinolaryngology

Doctor of Sciences, PhD, professor

Portnyagina
Maria Pavlovna

Audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist

Kaspranskaya
Galina Rustemovna

Otorhinolaryngologist, otoneurologist, audiologist

PhD

Budeikina
Liliya Sergeevna

Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist