Exudative otitis media

Exudative otitis media is a disease in which exudate accumulates in the cavities of the middle ear.
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Etiology and clinical picture

A multifactorial disease, the development of which involves: inflammation, infection, hyperproduction of mucus in the middle ear cavity, features of innate immunity, etc.

Dysfunction of the Eustachian tube is the main factor predisposing to exudative otitis media.

Often, exudative otitis media occurs after acute otitis media and can persist for several weeks.

As a rule, the disease is asymptomatic. Parents may notice that the child has started asking questions again, or may notice a delay in speech development. Sometimes there are complaints about a feeling of pressure in the ear, its congestion, or tinnitus. In rare cases, imbalance, stumbling, and falling are possible.

Etiology and clinical picture
Диагностика заболевания
Диагностика заболевания

При отоскопии:

  • Нарушение подвижности барабанной перепонки
  • За барабанной перепонкой может присутствовать уровень воздух-жидкость, иногда с пузырьками. Жидкость чаще желтого цвета
  • Барабанная перепонка в нормальном или втянутом положении
  • Помутнение барабанной перепонки

Дополнительные обследование:

  • Тимпанометрия (тип В)
  • Аудиологическое обследование (кондуктивная тугоухость)
  • Эндоскопический осмотр полости носа и носоглотки (аденоиды, гипертрофия трубных валиков)
Лечение
Лечение

Экссудативный средний отит обычно разрешается спонтанно. При отсутствии факторов риска показано динамическое наблюдение.

Факторы риска:

  • Стойкое снижение слуха по причинам, не связанным с экссудативным средним отитом
  • Неврологические нарушения развития (расстройства аутического спектра, синдром Дауна)
  • Аномалии строения черепа (расщелина твердого неба)
  • Задержка речевого развития
  • Нарушение зрения, не поддающееся коррекции

При наличии сопутствующей патологии полости носа и носоглотки – соответствующее лечение.

При неэффективности выжидательной тактики показано хирургическое лечение: шунтирование барабанной полости, эндоскопическая баллонная дилатация евстахиевой трубы.

Indications for tympanic cavity shunting
Indications for tympanic cavity shunting
  • Presence of risk factors for developmental and learning disabilities in children
  • Age < 3 years
  • Structural changes in the eardrum, tympanic cavity
  • Degree of hearing loss > 40 dB
  • Bilateral otitis media with effusion > 3 months
  • Unilateral otitis media with effusion > 6 months
  • Recurrent otitis media with effusion (6 months in total per year, ≥3 episodes within 6 months or ≥4 episodes within 12 months)

Our doctors

Sokolova Vera Nikolaevna
Experience 17 years
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Sokolova
Vera Nikolaevna
Otorhinolaryngologist, audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist
Spiranskaya Olga Aleksandrovna
Experience 19 years
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Spiranskaya
Olga Aleksandrovna
Head of the otolaryngology department, leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Tetzoeva Zalina Muratovna
Experience 25 years
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Tetzoeva
Zalina Muratovna
Deputy chief physician for outpatient care, otolaryngologist, surgeon
Kochetkova (Minavnina) Yulia Vladimirovna
Experience 14 years
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Kochetkova (Minavnina)
Yulia Vladimirovna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Osipova Irina Andreevna
Experience 26 years
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Osipova
Irina Andreevna
Head of the center for otolaryngology and ENT rheumatology, otolaryngologist, surgeon, leading specialist, expert in ENT pathology in autoimmune diseases
Selenina Tatyana Vitalievna
Experience 22 years
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Selenina
Tatyana Vitalievna
ENT doctor
Lapshina Anastasia Andreevna
Experience 12 years
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Lapshina
Anastasia Andreevna
Otolaryngologist, audiologist
Samarin Nikolay Evgenyevich
Experience 19 years
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Samarin
Nikolay Evgenyevich
ENT doctor
Lopatin Andrew Stanislavovich
Experience 46 years
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Lopatin
Andrew Stanislavovich
Otorhinolaryngologist, surgeon
Portnyagina Maria Pavlovna
Experience 14 years
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Portnyagina
Maria Pavlovna
Audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist
Kaspranskaya Galina Rustemovna
Experience 21 year
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Kaspranskaya
Galina Rustemovna
Otorhinolaryngologist, otoneurologist, audiologist
Koblova Tatyana Alexandrovna
Experience 23 years
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Koblova
Tatyana Alexandrovna
ENT doctor
Varenkova Olga Vladimirovna
Experience 26 years
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Varenkova
Olga Vladimirovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Budeikina Liliya Sergeevna
Experience 12 years
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Budeikina
Liliya Sergeevna
Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist
Kornienko Roman Anatolievich
Experience 28 years
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Kornienko
Roman Anatolievich
Otorhinolaryngologist
Budnitskaya Elena Vasilievna
Experience 13 years
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Budnitskaya
Elena Vasilievna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Varvyanskaya Anastasia Vladimirovna
Experience 22 years
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Varvyanskaya
Anastasia Vladimirovna
Otolaryngologist, surgeon, leading specialist, expert in olfactory dysfunction
Akhmedov
Magomed Akhmedovich
Otorhinolaryngologist, pediatric ENT
Putkaradze Ekaterina Iosifovnz
Experience 3 years
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Putkaradze
Ekaterina Iosifovnz
Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist
Chekaldina Elena Vladimirovna
Experience 14 years
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Chekaldina
Elena Vladimirovna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Samusenkova Ksenia Vladislavovna
Experience 6 years
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Samusenkova
Ksenia Vladislavovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Polivoda Anna Mikhailovna
Experience 20 years
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Polivoda
Anna Mikhailovna
Otorhinolaryngologist, audiologist, otoneurologist
Balybina Natalia Alekseevna
Experience 5 years
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Balybina
Natalia Alekseevna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Malyavina Ulyana Stanislavovna
Experience 28 years
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Malyavina
Ulyana Stanislavovna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Latysheva Elena Nikolaevna
Experience 16 years
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Latysheva
Elena Nikolaevna
Leading otolaryngologist, ENT surgeon, pediatric ENT
Krasnosheeva Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Experience 9 years
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Krasnosheeva
Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Gergiev Vladimir Felixovich
Experience 10 years
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Gergiev
Vladimir Felixovich
Otorhinolaryngologist
Astasheva Vera Markovna
Experience 10 years
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Astasheva
Vera Markovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Reviews

Ulyana and Natalia OVL, attentive and responsive attitude.
27.04.2026
V. Ter.
I would like to sincerely thank Anastasia Vladimirovna Varvyanskaya for her high professionalism and a rare combination of calmness, attention and human kindness. I've been dealing with a long-standing nasal breathing problem. At the consultation, the doctor understood the situation very carefully, explained everything in detail and in clear language, and suggested the optimal treatment plan and further actions — without unnecessary promises, but with confidence and clear logic. The operation and postoperative management were carried out as carefully as possible: at each stage there was a feeling that you were in safe hands. Separately, I would like to note the delicacy, care and warm attitude — this is especially important when you are worried and go to the intervention. Now the recovery is going well, nasal breathing has already become noticeably better. Many thanks for the result and for the attitude towards the patient. I recommend it with confidence!
26.04.2026
Aleksandr T.
I am very grateful for the detailed explanation during the appointment to the doctor Akhmedov M. A.
26.04.2026
A. Tol.
During the year I traveled all over our Russia, the diagnosis was very difficult for me, as it turned out, and finally I was very lucky, I came across wonderful doctors Osipova I.A. and Shevtsova T.P. and now I am in safe hands. Thanks to these doctors for not rejecting me, they immediately determined the diagnosis, and prescribed therapy. The doctors are very polite, they listened to me very carefully from beginning to end. If everyone had such doctors, there would be much fewer sick people. I wish you all good health and never get sick.
25.04.2026
Mariya
Thank you so much for your attentive attitude and help!in solving the problem!
25.04.2026
Artem O.

About doctor:

Astasheva Vera Markovna

The puncture was performed 4 times, the nose was washed many times, but as a result, the complex sinusitis was cured. Many thanks to Magomed Akhmedovich for the high-quality and tactful treatment, a very competent specialist!
25.04.2026
Oleg B.
A very attentive and professional doctor, thank you.
23.04.2026
Aleksandr Yu.
A very attentive and super professional doctor. I did all the research quickly and efficiently.
09.04.2026
Veronika C.
A wonderful doctor, the best otoneurologist in our life, a highly qualified specialist!
30.03.2026
Genrieta F.
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Address K+31 Petrovskie Vorota

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