Dietology at K+31 Petrovsky Gates
A nutritionist treats diseases and various problems related to weight and eating behavior:
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
Allergic reactions to food
Metabolic disease
Chronic diseases requiring a special diet (diabetes mellitus, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, peptic ulcers)
Excess weight, obesity
Sudden weight loss
Eating disorder (psychological aspect)
Also, a nutritionist can outline a diet for a healthy person, taking into account all the characteristics (body weight, height, age, gender) and health status. People often come to our clinic to prepare a healthy diet for minor weight correction or muscle gain.
The development of a nutrition system begins after researching the state of human health. The nutritionist at the clinic will issue a referral for the following tests: general blood and urine tests, blood tests for hormones, ultrasound and MRI of internal organs (liver, gastrointestinal tract). After diagnosis, if necessary, the patient is referred to an endocrinologist, psychiatrist, or gastroenterologist.
Have you heard of immuno-dietology?
The way certain foods interact with the immune system through the intestinal wall is very individual.
The extent to which a product is perceived calmly or stimulates the immune system determines the absence / presence of systemic inflammation and the further development of chronic diseases not only of the gastrointestinal tract.
At the K+31 Petrovsky Gates preventive medicine center, you will find your exceptional, individual diet, which will help you to be beautiful and healthy, to live a high-quality and rich life.
Methods of treatment in dietetics include a wide range of approaches to healthy, balanced nutrition. They are based on the study of the digestive system, metabolism and physiological processes of the body.
One of the most common methods of treating diseases in dietetics is diet correction. Nutritionists recommend changing the ratio of macro- and microelements to meet the body's requirements. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates must be distributed correctly, taking into account the needs of a person depending on age, gender, physical activity and health.
In addition, nutritionists often recommend limiting your consumption of certain foods or food groups. For example, in case of lactose intolerance, it is recommended to exclude dairy products from the diet. Increased consumption of sugar or salt may also require adjustment.
Dietetics also takes into account the individual characteristics of each patient. Taking into account physical activity, health status, religious or cultural reasons, a nutritionist can develop an individual nutrition program.
However, the participation of a nutritionist is not always limited to the development of a diet. In cases of obesity, metabolic disorders or certain diseases, a nutritionist may prescribe additional medical nutrition, including specialized foods or supplements. Also, many diseases require the use of manual therapy and physical therapy.
It is important to remember that dietetics is a comprehensive approach to healthy eating. Dietary treatments can be effective when combined with physical activity, stress management, and other healthy habits. Thus, following the recommendations of a nutritionist helps achieve and maintain optimal health.
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Answers to popular questions
It happens that a person consumes 1000 kcal and does not lose weight, and then a 1200 kcal diet is selected for him, and the weight starts to go away, why does this happen?
This often happens, the thing is that not only the number of kcal is important, but also their sources. For example, for 1200 kcal you can eat one and a half chocolates, which contain mainly sugar and fat (as on a chocolate diet), or you can make a complete diet. The balance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates plays an important role in losing weight.
How is the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates selected?
There is an average norm that suits the majority. A complete diet should include 12-25% protein, about 30% fat, and the rest carbohydrates. Choosing the optimal ratio, it is necessary to take into account the patient's lifestyle and the goal we are striving for.
Do I need to take tests to choose a diet or is a conversation with a nutritionist enough?
As a rule, a dietitian looks at a clinical analysis of blood and urine to determine the general condition of the body, and conducts a conversation with the patient. If the specialist suspects that there are some hormonal, metabolic, or cholesterol and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, additional tests may be prescribed.
It happens that a patient comes in who has a normal body mass index, but at the same time there is a lot of fat in the body, this is diagnosed using bioimpedancemetry - a diagnostic that determines body composition.
Now all over the world there is a great passion for dietary supplements and vitamins, do you think it is worth taking them?
In modern dietology, it is believed that a standard vitamin-mineral complex, where the content of vitamins and minerals does not exceed 100% of the daily requirement, can be taken.
Why has the vitamin craze gained such momentum in the 21st century?
Consider the example of the 50s. At that time, the norm for women was about 3500 kcal per day. If a modern girl eats so much and at the same time “does not live” in the gym, leads an office lifestyle, she is likely to gain a lot of weight. Today, daily physical activity and the need for calories consumed have decreased, the amount of food needed has decreased accordingly, and the amount of vitamins and minerals that a person receives has also become smaller, although the need for them has remained. Therefore, standard vitamin complexes can be prescribed. The main thing is a reasonable approach and the right dosages.
It happens that a person goes on a diet, but the weight does not fall, why does this happen?
Most often, this reaction is associated with hormonal changes in the thyroid gland, when there is insulin resistance and elevated levels of insulin or cortisol. And until we get the body working, the weight can “stand”.
Where does the feeling of hunger come from?
The first reason for the appearance of hunger is psychological, in this case, a person seizes fears and anxiety, there is some unresolved problem. It can be either explicit or hidden. In this case, the help of a psychologist or psychotherapist may be needed.
The second reason is a disruption in the work of hormones, if there is a suspicion of a failure, a nutritionist can refer you to an endocrinologist.
Why does someone eat and not gain weight, while someone gains weight, it is worth barely deviating from the diet?
Indeed, there is a genetic predisposition to be overweight. Genes are responsible for it, which make it easier for the body to “recruit”, for example, the FTO gene. He is also responsible for the control of consumed portions. A person with this gene will experience a feeling of fullness from food much later and “overload”, respectively, the amount of food consumed is higher.
There is a FABP2 gene, it encodes the absorption of fat in the intestines, the PPARG gene, which determines the rate of increase in fat cells. With a certain combination of polymorphisms (changes) in the genes, we have a genetic predisposition to more rapid weight gain. The presence of gene polymorphisms is determined by a genetic test.
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Dietology is a branch of medicine that deals with therapeutic and preventive nutrition. Even Socrates said: "We do not live in order to eat, but we eat in order to live."
Yes, of course, food is the basis, the basis for physical health. In the center of preventive medicine, doctors deal with issues of dietary support in the first place, because a person can only be fully helped by adjusting his diet.
What kind of food we consume, how nutritionally rich it is, is very important for the normal biochemical processes in our body.
In the 21st century, due to the impoverishment of soils, a large amount of industrial food, genetically modified plant varieties, junk food, that is, a general decrease in the potential of food consumed, the issue of adequate nutrition is quite acute.
At present, dietetics has ceased to be only an area that deals only with the correction of the size and volume of the body.
Knowing what and when to eat, you can influence numerous diseases of civilization, namely: cardiovascular (atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, etc.); metabolic (obesity, diabetes mellitus, especially type 2, etc.); allergic (bronchial asthma, urticaria, food allergies, etc.); oncological; immunodeficient; neurodegenerative diseases.