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Calcium is one of the most important and most abundant chemical elements in the body. Calcium is found in bones, muscles, nerve cells, endocrine glands, excretory organs, the blood system and other tissues, which indicates the enormous biological role of ...

Amylase is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, breaking down their polymeric forms (starch) to disaccharides and monosaccharides. It is produced by the cells of the external secretion of the salivary and pancreas, therefore, the main ...

Viral hepatitis-B is a severe infectious pathology in which the liver is the target. After entering the body, the virus is introduced into hepatocytes, with their help it multiplies and thus increases its pool. When a certain concentration is reached, the ...

To establish group affiliation, the AB0 system is used, the essence of which is the presence or absence of special molecules on erythrocytes (red blood cells that carry oxygen) and in the serum - antigens and antibodies, respectively: The first (0, zero) - ...

Alpha-cholesterol plays an important role in the utilization of excess cholesterol molecules. High-density lipoproteins circulate in the bloodstream and, where there is an increased concentration of cholesterol not consumed by cells, they bind it and ...

After entering the body, the human immunodeficiency virus is introduced into the immune system (CD4 T-lymphocytes), where it multiplies and embeds its own genetic information into the DNA of the host cell. The natural process of dividing the latter leads ...

Today, according to data from the World Health Organization, there are about 13% of infertile couples in the world. The reasons can lie both in the health of a man and in the health of a woman, and they are almost equally divided. The predominant factors ...