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1 Preparing for surgery Preparing for surgery Before undergoing surgical correction of bone and cartilage tissue, it is essential to consult with a qualified otolaryngologist. The doctor will explain in detail the rules for preparing for the procedure, ...

1 Development of pathology The process of disc herniation usually begins with a disruption in the diffuse nutrition of the intervertebral discs, which in adults lack their own blood vessels and receive moisture and nutrients from surrounding tissues ...

1 Causes and risk factors Hidradenitis suppurativa develops due to blockage of sweat gland ducts and subsequent inflammation. However, the exact mechanism of the disease is more complex: it is a combination of hereditary, immune, and external factors. The ...

1 The most significant classification of fistulas, widely used in clinical practice, is based on how the pathology relates to the anal sphincter fibers. There are four main types of fistulas: Intersphincteric (located within the sphincter) – these arise as ...

1 Development of the pathological process The trigger is most often a decrease in the rate of salivary flow and obstruction of salivary drainage. When saliva production slows and its flow is blocked, ideal conditions are created for ascending infection. ...

1 The causes of this pathology vary widely, from congenital anomalies to diseases acquired during life. Congenital heart block They develop during fetal development due to: Structural abnormalities of the cardiac conduction system Infections suffered by ...

1 Causes and risk factors The causes of Crohn's disease are not fully understood. There are several key factors that contribute to its development: Genetic predisposition - the NOD2, ATG16L1, and IL23R genes are associated with an increased risk. Immune ...