Scientific and Practical Center of Otolaryngology and ENT Rheumatology
For the first time in Russia, an expert scientific and practical center has been created on the basis of K31 Zapad, which deals with diagnostics, dynamic observation and conservative and surgical treatment of patients with ENT manifestations of rheumatic diseases, along with diagnostics and treatment of the entire spectrum of ENT pathology.
Unique areas of work of the Scientific and Practical Center of Otolaryngology and ENT Rheumatology
ENT – Rheumatology
Currently, this area is absolutely unique and has no analogues in world practice.
ENT manifestations of systemic autoimmune diseases are not uncommon, and often the only signs for many years. Such patients are observed by otolaryngologists for a long time, receive repeated courses of treatment, often undergo surgical treatment, sometimes repeatedly, without significant effect. Such patients become regular patients of ENT hospitals
Long-term cooperation with large rheumatology centers and departments in Russia has allowed us to form a patient base and gain serious experience in working with rare autoimmune diseases with manifestations from the ENT organs.
Over the years of cooperation (since 2012), together with rheumatologists, the characteristics of the course of autoimmune diseases from the ENT side have been developed and studied, principles of timely diagnosis have been developed in accordance with modern international recommendations, and treatment and diagnostic tactics have been formed in relation to this group of patients.
Systemic diseases with ENT manifestations:
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ANCA associated vasculitides:
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)
- Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome)
- Microscopic polyangiitis
- IgG associated disease
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Relapsing polychondritis
- Bechterew's disease
- Sarcoidosis
- Systemic scleroderma
- Sjogren's syndrome and etc.
When should an autoimmune disease be ruled out in a patient with ENT pathology?
Changes in ENT organs in autoimmune diseases can be observed in isolation or accompanied by manifestations from other organs (lungs, kidneys, joints, skin, etc.).
General inflammatory manifestations can also be observed - fever, weakness, sweating, increased acute phase indicators in blood tests.
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The main tasks of the Scientific and Practical Center of Otolaryngology and ENT Rheumatology
- Early diagnostics of probable autoimmune diseases with manifestations from the ENT organs
- Exclusion of autoimmune pathology in patients with recurrent and protracted rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, idiopathic stenosis of the larynx and trachea, otitis, cochleovestibular disorders
- Conducting outpatient and inpatient biopsy of ENT organs for expert pathomorphological and immunohistochemical examination
- Comprehensive laboratory and instrumental examination of patients with suspected autoimmune disease, including inpatient. Development of treatment tactics together with the center's rheumatologists
- Dynamic observation of patients with autoimmune diseases with ENT manifestations to assess local activity and the degree of irreversible damage at the stage of induction therapy, drug and drug-free remission, together with rheumatologists
- Conservative treatment of infectious complications and concomitant ENT pathology during immunosuppressive therapy
- Surgical treatment of ENT pathology in autoimmune diseases: reconstructive surgeries for external nose deformities, restoration of nasal breathing in the presence of adhesions, surgical treatment of stenosis of the subglottic part of the larynx and trachea, operations on the temporal bone, etc.
Scientific and practical tasks of the Scientific and Practical Center of Otolaryngology and ENT Rheumatology
- Creation of a federal database of patients with rare autoimmune diseases with manifestations of ENT organs
- Development and practical implementation of methodological recommendations for the diagnosis and management of patients with rheumatological manifestations from the ENT organs for otolaryngologists and rheumatologists
- Development of the scientific direction of ENT rheumatology, scientific publications in leading domestic and foreign medical journals. Participation in Russian and foreign congresses, congresses on rheumatology and otolaryngology
Outpatient examination of a patient with suspected autoimmune disease with ENT manifestations
- Initial consultation with an otolaryngologist, PhD, expert
- Initial consultation with a rheumatologist
- Clinical and laboratory examination (including biopsy of ENT organs if necessary with expert pathomorphological immunohistochemical examination)
- Radiation diagnostics (as indicated)
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